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Education, enrolment and skills

Institutions report students and staff; population-based education and measured skills need their own sources and denominators.

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Academic years 2022–23 through 2025–26

Schools, teachers and facilities in India: UDISE+ 2025–26

The 2025–26 school records report 1,02,73,020 teachers, while 67.4% of schools had internet and 69.9% had computer access. These percentages describe facilities reported by schools. They do not establish that every pupil has a personal device, a reliable connection or regular access to digital lessons.

Explore →April–June 2025 survey; spending and coaching during current academic year

What families spend on school and coaching in India

In the April–June 2025 education survey, families reported average school expenditure of ₹2,863 per government-school student and ₹25,002 per non-government-school student during the current academic year. These are household expenditures, not the full resources spent by a school or the government. Coaching was measured separately, so the two spending categories should stay separate on comparisons.

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Measure	Value	Who or what is counted?	Period and evidence
School teachers in UDISE+India · Education, enrolment and skills	10,273,020teachers	UDISE+ school system; stage-specific student universe where stated	Academic year 2025–26 Official source ↗Number of Teachers Definition and limits Administrative school records. NEP stages must be retained: foundational, preparatory (classes III–V), middle (VI–VIII), secondary (IX–XII). School facility availability is not household coverage or a learning outcome. A national pupil-teacher ratio does not describe each classroom.
Schools with internet facilityIndia · Education, enrolment and skills	67.4%of schools	UDISE+ school system; stage-specific student universe where stated	Academic year 2025–26 Official source ↗Schools with Internet Facility Definition and limits Administrative school records. NEP stages must be retained: foundational, preparatory (classes III–V), middle (VI–VIII), secondary (IX–XII). School facility availability is not household coverage or a learning outcome. A national pupil-teacher ratio does not describe each classroom.
Schools with computer accessIndia · Education, enrolment and skills	69.9%of schools	UDISE+ school system; stage-specific student universe where stated	Academic year 2025–26 Official source ↗Schools with Computer Access Definition and limits Administrative school records. NEP stages must be retained: foundational, preparatory (classes III–V), middle (VI–VIII), secondary (IX–XII). School facility availability is not household coverage or a learning outcome. A national pupil-teacher ratio does not describe each classroom.
Schools with electricityIndia · Education, enrolment and skills	95%of schools	UDISE+ school system; stage-specific student universe where stated	Academic year 2025–26 Official source ↗Schools with basic infrastructure Definition and limits Administrative school records. NEP stages must be retained: foundational, preparatory (classes III–V), middle (VI–VIII), secondary (IX–XII). School facility availability is not household coverage or a learning outcome. A national pupil-teacher ratio does not describe each classroom.
Schools with ramps and handrailsIndia · Education, enrolment and skills	58.2%of schools	UDISE+ school system; stage-specific student universe where stated	Academic year 2025–26 Official source ↗Schools with Ramps and handrails Definition and limits Administrative school records. NEP stages must be retained: foundational, preparatory (classes III–V), middle (VI–VIII), secondary (IX–XII). School facility availability is not household coverage or a learning outcome. A national pupil-teacher ratio does not describe each classroom.
Secondary dropout rate, classes IX–XIIIndia · Education, enrolment and skills	7%	UDISE+ school system; stage-specific student universe where stated	Academic year 2025–26 Official source ↗Dropout Rate, Secondary Definition and limits Administrative school records. NEP stages must be retained: foundational, preparatory (classes III–V), middle (VI–VIII), secondary (IX–XII). School facility availability is not household coverage or a learning outcome. A national pupil-teacher ratio does not describe each classroom.
Secondary gross enrolment ratio, classes IX–XIIIndia · Education, enrolment and skills	71.7%	UDISE+ school system; stage-specific student universe where stated	Academic year 2025–26 Official source ↗GER, Secondary Definition and limits Administrative school records. NEP stages must be retained: foundational, preparatory (classes III–V), middle (VI–VIII), secondary (IX–XII). School facility availability is not household coverage or a learning outcome. A national pupil-teacher ratio does not describe each classroom.
School students enrolled in government schoolsIndia · Education, enrolment and skills	55.9%of enrolled school students	Currently enrolled school students represented by CMS Education 2025	April–June 2025 survey; current academic year Official source ↗Dominant enrolment in Government schools Definition and limits Sample survey of currently enrolled school students; includes anganwadis as pre-primary and presents private coaching separately from school spending. Not directly comparable to NSS 75th-round 2017–18 expenditure. Survey totals are only for rates/ratios, not definitive population counts. State estimates require sample-size/RSE consideration. Values below are national rural/urban estimates, not state estimates.
School students taking or having taken private coachingIndia · Education, enrolment and skills	27%of enrolled school students	Currently enrolled school students represented by CMS Education 2025	April–June 2025 survey; current academic year Official source ↗Prevalence of private coaching Definition and limits Sample survey of currently enrolled school students; includes anganwadis as pre-primary and presents private coaching separately from school spending. Not directly comparable to NSS 75th-round 2017–18 expenditure. Survey totals are only for rates/ratios, not definitive population counts. State estimates require sample-size/RSE consideration. Values below are national rural/urban estimates, not state estimates.
Household school expenditure per government-school studentIndia · Education, enrolment and skills	2,863INR per student	Government-school students represented by CMS Education 2025	April–June 2025 survey; current academic year Official source ↗Significantly low per-student expenditure in Government schools Definition and limits Sample survey of currently enrolled school students; includes anganwadis as pre-primary and presents private coaching separately from school spending. Not directly comparable to NSS 75th-round 2017–18 expenditure. Survey totals are only for rates/ratios, not definitive population counts. State estimates require sample-size/RSE consideration. Values below are national rural/urban estimates, not state estimates.
Household school expenditure per non-government-school studentIndia · Education, enrolment and skills	25,002INR per student	Non-government-school students represented by CMS Education 2025	April–June 2025 survey; current academic year Official source ↗Significantly low per-student expenditure in Government schools Definition and limits Sample survey of currently enrolled school students; includes anganwadis as pre-primary and presents private coaching separately from school spending. Not directly comparable to NSS 75th-round 2017–18 expenditure. Survey totals are only for rates/ratios, not definitive population counts. State estimates require sample-size/RSE consideration. Values below are national rural/urban estimates, not state estimates.

Definitions and evidence to use

Institutions report students and staff; population-based education and measured skills need their own sources and denominators.

Start with the geographic unit, observation period and denominator. Compare counts with counts, rates with rates and spending at compatible prices. Read the original table’s coverage before calculating a total or interpreting a difference.

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