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district · Census 2011 · code 623

Madurai population.
Households, literacy and work.

A detailed district profile in Tamil Nadu, using the original Primary Census Abstract. Every figure on this page belongs to the source’s 2011 population and geography.

Historical geographic unit. Historical Census 2011 district boundary. This record does not represent a present-day district unless the boundaries are independently shown to match.
Population3,038,252people
Households794,887PCA households
Literacy rate83.45%% of people aged 7+
Work participation44.59%% of all residents

Total, rural and urban population

Scroll the table sideways to see every column.

Indicator · Census 2011TotalRuralUrban
Populationpeople3,038,2521,191,4511,846,801
Households recorded in the PCAhouseholds794,887315,036479,851
Children aged 0–6people aged 0–6313,978128,452185,526
Children aged 0–6 as a share of population%10.33%10.78%10.05%
Sex ratiofemales per 1,000 males990982996
Child sex ratiogirls per 1,000 boys aged 0–6932913945
Literate populationliterate people aged 7+2,273,430788,0901,485,340
Literacy rate%83.45%74.14%89.41%
Male literacy rate%89.72%83.59%93.67%
Female literacy rate%77.16%64.59%85.15%
Scheduled Castes populationpeople408,976257,852151,124
Scheduled Tribes populationpeople11,0964,8666,230
Total workersCensus workers1,354,632627,737726,895
Work participation rate%44.59%52.69%39.36%
Main workersworked at least 6 months1,173,902511,237662,665
Marginal workersworked less than 6 months180,730116,50064,230
Non-workerspeople1,683,620563,7141,119,906

Calculated percentages retain the denominator named in each row. Counts are reported people or households, and are not estimates for a later year.

Census of India · original Primary Census Abstract
Sheet1! rows 1970, 1971, 1972; original PCA field codes are documented in field-definitions.json.
Source access notes and archived workbooks

What stands out in this profile?

  • The source records 794,887 households and 3,038,252 residents. These household and person counts are separate measures.
  • Urban residents accounted for 60.78% of this area’s population, compared with 39.22% in rural areas.
  • Children aged 0–6 accounted for 10.33% of residents. This historical age group helps describe the age structure in 2011; it does not measure today’s children.
  • Male literacy was 89.72% and female literacy was 77.16%, each calculated among the corresponding population aged 7 and above.
  • Of 1,354,632 Census workers, 86.66% were main workers. Census work includes more than salaried employment.

What kinds of work were recorded?

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Economic activityMain workersMarginal workers
Cultivators81,35211,367
Agricultural labourers287,73185,097
Household industry workers39,7537,540
Other workers765,06676,726

Cultivators, agricultural labourers, household industry workers and other workers are separate Census activity categories. A worker count is not a count of employees on a company payroll.

Using the profile in research

These are historical counts, not current market estimates or present-day projections for this district. Read the research guidance before choosing a denominator or adding eligibility, adoption and spending assumptions.

Definitions, calculation methods and source access

Literacy uses people aged 7 and above; work participation uses all residents. Main workers worked at least six months. Households are the PCA household count, not houses. Rates with zero denominators are unavailable. Names and boundaries belong to Census 2011.

Read the full definitions and research guidance

Download the field definitions

Towns connected to this district

The population displayed here counts only the source components within this district. A linked full-town profile can include components in other districts.

Census code 803754

Madurai

1,017,865 people within this district · Municipal corporation

Census code 803756

Avaniapuram

89,635 people within this district · Town

Census code 803742

Anaiyur

63,917 people within this district · Town

Census code 803753

Thirumangalam

51,194 people within this district · Town

Census code 803757

Thiruparankundram

50,004 people within this district · Town including outgrowths

Census code 640713

Melamadai

43,797 people within this district · Census town

Census code 803741

Melur

40,017 people within this district · Town

Census code 803749

Usilampatti

35,219 people within this district · Town

Census code 640710

Kannanendal

31,095 people within this district · Census town

Census code 803744

Vilangudi

30,884 people within this district · Town

Census code 640714

Vandiyur

28,646 people within this district · Census town

Census code 803745

Vadipatti

26,830 people within this district · Town

Census code 640711

Nagavakulam

23,284 people within this district · Census town

Census code 803747

Sholavandan

22,578 people within this district · Town

Census code 803743

Paravai

20,042 people within this district · Town

Census code 640708

Thiruppalai

19,305 people within this district · Census town

Census code 803755

Thirunagar

16,598 people within this district · Town

Census code 803750

Elumalai

15,746 people within this district · Town

Census code 640712

Othakadai

15,152 people within this district · Census town

Census code 641070

Nilaiyur

14,684 people within this district · Town

Census code 641067

Thanakkankulam

14,328 people within this district · Census town

Census code 803748

Alanganallur

12,331 people within this district · Town

Census code 640715

Sakkimangalam

10,854 people within this district · Census town

Census code 803751

T.Kallupatti

10,762 people within this district · Town

Census code 803746

Palamedu

10,493 people within this district · Town

Census code 803752

Peraiyur

10,394 people within this district · Town

Census code 640707

Samayanallur

9,227 people within this district · Census town

Census code 803758

Harveypatti

9,016 people within this district · Town

Census code 803740

A.Vellalapatti

8,325 people within this district · Town

Census code 641063

Vilacheri

7,787 people within this district · Census town

Census code 641064

Iravadanallur

7,423 people within this district · Census town

Census code 641062

Karadipatti

7,289 people within this district · Census town

Census code 641065

Viraganur

7,121 people within this district · Census town

Census code 641068

Silaiman

6,436 people within this district · Census town

Census code 640706

Arumbanur

6,148 people within this district · Census town

Census code 640709

Narasingam

5,971 people within this district · Census town

Census code 641069

Samanatham

4,477 people within this district · Census town