Housing, tenure, rooms and condition

Current-price monthly per capita consumption expenditure (MPCE), not income, salary, cash purchases alone or a median. Reference period August 2023–July 2024. Uses the report’s series excluding additional imputation for specified free social-welfare items. Ordinary valuation of home-produced and otherwise received consumption is still included. Every item mean uses all estimated persons in the rural or urban population, not only its buyers, consumers or tenants. Urban rent of ₹460 is not the average monthly rent paid by a renting household. Clothing, bedding and footwear are combined in Table 3.5. The processed-food group includes purchased cooked meals and snacks; it is not synonymous with ultra-processed food. Rounded rupee categories may not sum exactly to the printed rounded total; published values and shares are retained rather than recomputed from rounded rupees.

Current-price monthly per capita consumption expenditure (MPCE), not income, salary, cash purchases alone or a median. Reference period August 2023–July 2024. Uses the report’s series excluding additional imputation for specified free social-welfare items. Ordinary valuation of home-produced and otherwise received consumption is still included. Every item mean uses all estimated persons in the rural or urban population, not only its buyers, consumers or tenants. Urban rent of ₹460 is not the average monthly rent paid by a renting household. Clothing, bedding and footwear are combined in Table 3.5. The processed-food group includes purchased cooked meals and snacks; it is not synonymous with ultra-processed food. Rounded rupee categories may not sum exactly to the printed rounded total; published values and shares are retained rather than recomputed from rounded rupees.

Historical NFHS-5 survey estimates for 2019–21; do not label these as current 2026 asset access or substitute them into NFHS-6. Values in this series describe households. The separate deJurePopulationPercent field is the percentage of usual-resident people in such households and can differ. Pucca is the survey’s materials-based classification, not a certificate of legal tenure, structural safety, floor area or housing affordability. Clean cooking fuel includes electricity, LPG/natural gas and biogas. The reported fuel measure does not establish exclusive use, refill affordability or the absence of other fuels. Basic sanitation means use of an improved facility not shared with another household; it is not a measure of sewage treatment or safely managed sanitation. Possession of an asset does not count devices, establish device quality or usage, or prove a person can use it. Ownership of a house is the survey response, not a title-registry audit.

Historical NFHS-5 survey estimates for 2019–21; do not label these as current 2026 asset access or substitute them into NFHS-6. Values in this series describe households. The separate deJurePopulationPercent field is the percentage of usual-resident people in such households and can differ. Pucca is the survey’s materials-based classification, not a certificate of legal tenure, structural safety, floor area or housing affordability. Clean cooking fuel includes electricity, LPG/natural gas and biogas. The reported fuel measure does not establish exclusive use, refill affordability or the absence of other fuels. Basic sanitation means use of an improved facility not shared with another household; it is not a measure of sewage treatment or safely managed sanitation. Possession of an asset does not count devices, establish device quality or usage, or prove a person can use it. Ownership of a house is the survey response, not a title-registry audit.

Historical NFHS-5 survey estimates for 2019–21; do not label these as current 2026 asset access or substitute them into NFHS-6. Values in this series describe households. The separate deJurePopulationPercent field is the percentage of usual-resident people in such households and can differ. Pucca is the survey’s materials-based classification, not a certificate of legal tenure, structural safety, floor area or housing affordability. Clean cooking fuel includes electricity, LPG/natural gas and biogas. The reported fuel measure does not establish exclusive use, refill affordability or the absence of other fuels. Basic sanitation means use of an improved facility not shared with another household; it is not a measure of sewage treatment or safely managed sanitation. Possession of an asset does not count devices, establish device quality or usage, or prove a person can use it. Ownership of a house is the survey response, not a title-registry audit.

Historical NFHS-5 estimates for 2019–21. Household possession does not count cars, drivers, licence holders or people who travel by car. The separate 8.0% usual-resident population measure has a different denominator; this figure is 7.5% of households.