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Businesses, establishments and formalisation
Surveyed establishments, registrations, workers and economic output are related but distinct ways to describe business activity.
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| Measure | Value | Who or what is counted? | Period and evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unincorporated non-agricultural establishmentsIndia · Businesses, establishments and formalisation | 79,246,500estimated establishments | Unincorporated non-agricultural manufacturing, trade and other-services establishments covered by ASUSE; construction excluded | January–December 2025 Official source ↗Statement 2, printed page 18 / PDF page 44, All* row; source unit hundreds, multiplied by 100 Definition and limitsSurvey estimate of establishments, not all companies, all MSMEs, all businesses or households. Includes own-account and hired-worker establishments. Independently rounded component totals can differ slightly. |
| Workers in unincorporated non-agricultural establishmentsIndia · Businesses, establishments and formalisation | 128,051,800estimated workers | Workers reported by establishments within ASUSE’s covered unincorporated non-agricultural sectors | January–December 2025 Official source ↗Statement 17, printed page 34 / PDF page 60, All* row; source unit hundreds, multiplied by 100 Definition and limitsIncludes working owners, hired workers, unpaid family workers and other workers. It is not an estimate of all employment in India or a count of salaried jobs. The rural and urban components sum 100 above the separately rounded national estimate. |
| Unincorporated establishments using the internet for businessIndia · Businesses, establishments and formalisation | 39.4%of covered establishments | Unincorporated non-agricultural manufacturing, trade and other-services establishments covered by ASUSE; construction excluded | January–December 2025 Official source ↗Statement 16, printed page 32 / PDF page 58, All* rows, using internet / All column Definition and limitsBusiness use during the preceding 365 days. This is not household internet access, online selling, digital payment acceptance or every enterprise in India. |
| Annual emoluments per hired worker in covered establishmentsIndia · Businesses, establishments and formalisation | 146,550rupees per hired worker per year | Hired workers in ASUSE hired-worker establishments within covered sectors | January–December 2025 Official source ↗Statement 21, printed page 39 / PDF page 65, All* row Definition and limitsMean annual compensation at current prices, including relevant cash/in-kind allowances and employer benefits. It is neither median take-home pay nor the earnings of working owners or all workers. |
| Gross value added per worker in covered market establishmentsIndia · Businesses, establishments and formalisation | 156,539rupees per worker per year | Workers in market establishments within ASUSE’s covered unincorporated non-agricultural sectors | January–December 2025 Official source ↗Table 1, GVA per worker row, ASUSE 2025 column; * footnote applies to market establishments Definition and limitsCurrent-price value added per worker is a productivity measure. It is not salary, take-home pay, sales revenue or real growth after inflation. |
Definitions and evidence to use
Surveyed establishments, registrations, workers and economic output are related but distinct ways to describe business activity.
Start with the geographic unit, observation period and denominator. Compare counts with counts, rates with rates and spending at compatible prices. Read the original table’s coverage before calculating a total or interpreting a difference.
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