Tamil Nadu
is located in the southern part of India. The capital of the state of Tamil
Nadu is Chennai. It is one the most prosperous and important states in India.
In terms of size, it is the 11th largest state and 7th in
terms of the population. The state is an economic powerhouse and a hub of Auto,
IT and Electronic industries. The official language of the state is Tamil and
it is one of the oldest known languages with its roots dated back to 500 BC.
As per the
census carried out by the government of India in 2011, the population totals of
Tamil Nadu are mentioned below:
Total Population:
The
population of Tamil Nadu as per the 2011 census is 72,138,958 compared to 62,405,679
in the 2001 census. In this decade the state of Tamil Nadu has registered a
growth of15.60% in total population. Tamil Nadu accounts for 5.96% of the total
population of India.
Sex Ratio:
There are a
total of 36,158,871 males and 35,980,087 females in Tamil Nadu. As per the 2011
census, the sex ratio in Tamil Nadu stands at 995 compared to 986 in the 2001
census. Tamil Nadu has among the highest sex ratio in the country. As mentioned
in the table below, the Child sex ratio for the state has dipped slightly
compared to 2001.
|
Parameter
|
Year 2011
|
Year 2001
|
|
Sex Ratio in Tamil Nadu
|
995
|
986
|
|
Child sex ratio in Tamil Nadu
|
946
|
959
|
|
Sex Ratio in India
|
940
|
933
|
Total Child
Population:
The total child
population (0-6 years) in Tamil Nadu in 2011 is 6,894,821 compared to 7,235,160
in 2001. This has been a slightdecline in child population when compared to the
child population in 2001.
Urban & Rural
Population:
Close to
half of the population of Tamil Nadu resides in rural areas. This is one of the
few states where the rural and urban population is almost equally divided. The
rural population makes up 51.55% whereas the urban population makes up 48.45%
of the total population. The total rural & urban population as per the 2011
census is 37,189,229 & 34,949,729 respectively. The urban population has
increased by 27.16% whereas the rural population has increased by 6.49% over
the last decade.
Population
Density:
The total area of Tamil
Nadu is 130,058Km2. As per the 2011 census,
population density is calculated at 555 persons per Km2, which is higher
when compared to the national average of 382 per Km2. As per the
2001 census population density was calculated at 480 persons per Km2 which
shows that there has been an increase of close to 15% in population density over
the last decade.
Literacy
Rate:
As per the census
study of 2011, Tamil Nadu has a literacy rate of 80.33%. The male literacy is 86.81%
whereas the female literacy is 73.86%. There is a slight improvement in
literacy rate as compared to 2001 when the literacy rate in Tamil Nadu was 73.45%.
Birth rate,
death rate and infant mortality rate:
As per data
provided by Ministry of Health & Family welfare (SRS 2008), the crude birth
rate, crude death rate and infant mortality rate in Tamil Nadu is:
|
Crude
Birth Rate
|
16.0
|
|
Crude
Death Rate
|
7.4
|
|
Infant
mortality rate
|
31
|
Top 7
Districts & their population:
The 7 largest
districts by population in Tamil Nadu & their total population, sex ratio
& literacy rates are:
|
District Name
|
Total Population
|
Sex Ratio
|
Literacy Rate (%)
|
|
Chennai
|
4,681,087
|
986
|
90.33
|
|
Kancheepuram
|
3,990,897
|
985
|
85.29
|
|
Vellore
|
3,928,106
|
1004
|
79.65
|
|
Thiruvallur
|
3,725,697
|
983
|
83.82
|
|
Salem
|
3,480,008
|
954
|
73.23
|
|
Coimbatore
|
3,472,578
|
1001
|
84.31
|
|
Viluppuram
|
3,463,284
|
985
|
72.08
|
Top3 cities
& their population:
The 3 largest
cities in Tamil Nadu & their total population are mentioned below:
|
City Name
|
Total Population
|
|
Chennai
|
4,681,087
|
|
Coimbatore
|
1,061,447
|
|
Madurai
|
1,016,885
|
Tamil Nadu
is one of the most popular tourist destinations for both the domestic as well
as the foreign tourists. It is a land of temples and is home to some of the
most magnificent temples in the country like Meenakshi Amman temple, Brihadishwara
Temple. There are also many beautiful hill stations in Tamil Nadu like
Kodiakanal, Coonoor, Yelagiri and many others. Tamil Nadu is the medical
tourism hub in India with centres like Chennai, Madurai, Coimbatore leading in
medical tourism.